Journal of Surgical Dermatology

Effect of cryotherapy and ALA-PDT therapy on skin cancer

Zhi Zhong — 2024-02-08

Objective: to study the effect of cryotherapy and ALA-PDT therapy on skin cancer. Methods: this study selected 60 patients with skin cancer admitted to Ankang People’s Hospital of Shaanxi Province from January 2014 to December 2019. According to different treatment methods, 30 patients treated with ALA-PDT were included in the control group, while 30 patients treated with cryotherapy combined with ALA-PDT were included in the observation group. The total effective rate, pain score, surgical trauma area, incidence of adverse reactions and total satisfaction rate of appearance were compared between the two groups. Results: the treatment efficiency of the observation group was 96.7%, which was higher than that of the control group (73.3%), with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The pain score in the observation group was (4.12 ± 1.03), higher than that of the control group (3.45 ± 0.86), and the surgical trauma area was (1.26 ± 0.04) cm², lower than that of the control group (1.39 ± 0.05) cm², with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Besides, the total satisfaction rate of the observation group was 93.3%, which was higher than that of the control group (66.7%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cryotherapy combined with ALA-PDT therapy are clinically effective in the treatment of skin cancer, with less invasive surgical areas and higher patient satisfaction with appearance. However, the pain score is relatively higher. Therefore, the appropriate treatment can be clinically considered in a comprehensive manner.

Characterization of the elderly with a possible diagnosis of skin cancer

José Antonio Bordelois Abdo — 2024-04-20

Introduction:In Cuba, the study of skin cancer in the elderly is one of the social demands. Objective: To describe the clinical epidemiological characteristics of patients with a possible diagnosis of SCin the nursing homes “Caridad Jaca” and “San José” in Guantánamo City in 2017. Method:An observational, prospective, and cross-sectional study was conductedin all theelders (n = 256), and to those elders with possible skin cancer (n = 15); the age, sex, place of birth, address, personal medical history, photos of skin types, lesion characteristics, clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis were specified.Results: 5.9% of the elders were diagnosed with skin cancer. It was more common in men (53.4%),people aged from 70 to 79 (53.4%), and people born or lived in urban areas with skin phototype III (40.0%), 100.0% of which are exposed to sunlight, and 86.7% without sun block. Cancers were more frequently foundin the face (66.7%) less than 1 cm in size (46.6%), which have progressed 3 to 4 years (60.0%), and were single lesions (86, 7%) and basal cell carcinomas (46.6%). 80.0% of all the cases showed a clinical-dermoscopic diagnosis correlation. Conclusions: The incidence of skin cancer in the elderly was low. However, more attention is needed to ensure the diagnosis of this disease at its early stage.

A randomized, double-blind, comparative study for efficacy assessment of two hyaluronic acid nasolabial fillers

Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi — 2024-11-03

Hyaluronic acid fillers are considered safe for use in cosmetics as described in the safety assessment. This study was aimed to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of two hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers on mild nasolabial folds. Ten women aged 30-50 years with mild nasolabial folds participated for injection of A and B gels into right or left nasolabial folds. The volume and surface of nasolabial folds were measured by CSI software and the density and thickness of dermis assessed by skin ultrasonography before and 2, 12, and 24 weeks after injection. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20, and p-value <0.05 were considered as significant. Global assessment showed over 50% improvement in patients injected with both gel A and B. At 2 weeks after injecting gel A the volume and surface of wrinkles decreased significantly. In the side injected with gel B, this reduction was significant at 2 and 12 weeks after injection. In addition, 24 weeks after injection of both gels the dermis echo-density increased and the dermis thickness decreased. This study indicated the significant positive filling effect of both HA fillers in decreasing the clinical signs of wrinkles at nasolabial folds. Comparing both fillers, there were not any statistically significant differences in any of measurements, but the persistence of gel B to improve the wrinkle appearance was slightly better than gel A.

Cutaneous immune system: Age specificities

Markelova Elena Vladimirovna — 2024-10-27

The review is dedicated to the modern concepts in understanding the age-related changes of skin protective functions, with an emphasis on the impairments in interaction between the immune cells of innate and acquired immunity, resulting in a decrease in antigen-specific T cell immune surveillance in the skin. We discuss the various defects of T cells and their environment as well as focus on the issue of possible correction of T-reg and other cells activity in the skin which would increase the level of immune surveillance in elderly persons and reduce the risk of malignant neoplasms or skin infections developing.

Nevus of Ota associated with intracranial melanoma: Case report and review of the literature

Ravi Shankar Krishnan — 2024-12-16

There is a known association between nevus of Ota and melanomas involving the brain parenchyma and/or the meninges. We present the unusual case of a 32-year-old African-American female with a nevus of Ota and a contralateral parenchymal, primary CNS melanoma. We discuss the unique features of this case and provide a brief review of the literature regarding nevi of Ota and associated CNS melanoma. Our patient is a 32 year-old, African-American female with a left-sided nevus of Ota who presented with a three month history of headaches and paresthesias involving her left face and arm. An MRI of the brain revealed a hemorrhagic mass in the right temporal lobe, which, after craniotomy, was determined to be a melanoma. Extensive imaging, ophthamologic examination and full-body skin examination revealed no other foci of melanoma. To our knowlege, this is the only case of a nevus of Ota associated with contralateral parenchymal melanoma in an African-American patient. The association of contralateral parenchymal primary CNS melanoma with nevus of Ota is extremely unusual. Futhermore, despite the association of nevus of Ota with CNS melanoma, the literature does not support routine screening of patients with nevus of Ota for CNS melanoma with imaging modalities.